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{"id":40490,"date":"2024-02-13T07:30:27","date_gmt":"2024-02-13T16:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/radiocubalibre.live\/asi-es-la-lucha-desesperada-de-los-osos-polares-por-encontrar-comida-en-un-artico-que-se-derrite-ciencia\/"},"modified":"2024-02-13T07:30:27","modified_gmt":"2024-02-13T16:00:27","slug":"asi-es-la-lucha-desesperada-de-los-osos-polares-por-encontrar-comida-en-un-artico-que-se-derrite-ciencia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/radiocubalibre.live\/asi-es-la-lucha-desesperada-de-los-osos-polares-por-encontrar-comida-en-un-artico-que-se-derrite-ciencia\/","title":{"rendered":"As\u00ed es la lucha desesperada de los osos polares por encontrar comida en un \u00c1rtico que se derrite | Ciencia"},"content":{"rendered":"


\n<\/p>\n

\n

En un mundo donde el cambio clim\u00e1tico est\u00e1 alterando los h\u00e1bitats naturales a un ritmo apresurado, los osos polares se han convertido en uno de los s\u00edmbolos de la lucha por la supervivencia. Los veranos se alargan, las temperaturas del planeta aumentan<\/a> y cada vez hay menos hielo. Cuando los bloques helados del \u00c1rtico desaparecen, los osos pasan m\u00e1s tiempo en tierra, donde es dif\u00edcil conseguir alimento, pues sus estrategias tradicionales de caza aprovech\u00e1ndose del hielo marino son menos efectivas. Un estudio publicado hoy en Nature Communications<\/i><\/a> presenta un retrato de los desaf\u00edos a los que se enfrentan para no morir de hambre los 25.000 osos polares que quedan en el planeta<\/a>.<\/p>\n

En el periodo del final de la primavera y el principio del verano, los osos polares utilizan el hielo marino como plataforma para cazar. Se alimentan principalmente de focas que est\u00e1n pariendo y destetando a sus cr\u00edas en la misma temporada. Cuando el hielo se derrite<\/a>, los gigantes \u00e1rticos tienen que disminuir su actividad lo m\u00e1s posible para conservar energ\u00eda. Un equipo de cient\u00edficos, liderado por el bi\u00f3logo de vida silvestre Anthony Pagano<\/a>, del Servicio Geol\u00f3gico de los Estados Unidos, observ\u00f3 de cerca a osos polares durante tres semanas del verano. Para lograrlo, colocaron collares equipados con c\u00e1maras y GPS en una veintena de osos en la bah\u00eda de Hudson occidental, en Manitoba (Canad\u00e1). En esta zona la poblaci\u00f3n ha disminuido al rededor de un 30% desde 1987 y el periodo sin hielo ha aumentado tres semanas desde 1979, manteniendo a los osos en tierra durante aproximadamente 130 d\u00edas en la \u00faltima d\u00e9cada.<\/p>\n

Tras analizar las im\u00e1genes, descubrieron que los osos intentaron diferentes t\u00e1cticas para alimentarse y mantener reservas de energ\u00eda, incluyendo carro\u00f1ear y descansar a niveles similares que los osos pardos cuando entran en hibernaci\u00f3n<\/a>. El 70% de los que estuvieron activos consum\u00edan alimentos terrestres como bayas, hierbas y cad\u00e1veres de aves. Tres osos se aventuraron a nadar largas distancias para encontrar comida en el agua y aunque dos de ellos encontraron restos de belugas y focas, no consiguieron comer mientras nadaban ni llevarlos a tierra.<\/p>\n